Introduction: A component of the basic plan that provides a rationale for the school emergency operations plan EOP. Job Aid: A checklist or other visual aid intended to ensure that specific steps of completing a task or assignment are accomplished.
Joint Information Center JIC : A facility established to coordinate critical emergency information, crisis communications, and public affairs functions. The Joint Information Center is the central point of contact for all news media. Joint Information System JIS : A structure that integrates incident information and public affairs into a cohesive organization designed to provide consistent, coordinated, accurate, accessible, timely, and complete information during crisis or incident operations.
The mission of the Joint Information System is to provide a structure and system for developing and delivering coordinated interagency messages; developing, recommending, and executing public information plans and strategies on behalf of the Incident Commander IC ; advising the IC concerning public affairs issues that could affect a response effort; and controlling rumors and inaccurate information that could undermine public confidence in the emergency response effort.
Jurisdiction: A range or sphere of authority. Public agencies have jurisdiction at an incident related to their legal responsibilities and authority.
Jurisdictional authority at an incident can be political or geographical e. Liaison: A form of communication for establishing and maintaining mutual understanding and cooperation. Liaison Officer: A member of the Command Staff responsible for coordinating with representatives from cooperating and assisting agencies or organizations assisting at an incident.
Local Government: Public entities responsible for the security and welfare of a designated area as established by law. A county, municipality, city, town, township, local public authority, school district, special district, intrastate district, council of governments regardless of whether the council of governments is incorporated as a nonprofit corporation under State law , regional or interstate government entity, or agency or instrumentality of a local government; an Indian tribe or authorized tribal entity, or in Alaska a Native Village or Alaska Regional Native Corporation; a rural community, unincorporated town or village, or other public entity.
Logistics: The process and procedure for providing resources and other services to support incident management. Logistics Section: The Incident Command System Section responsible for providing facilities, services, and material support for the incident. Logistics Section Chief: A member of the General Staff who provides resources and needed services to support the achievement of the incident objectives.
Mass Care: Actions taken to protect evacuees and other disaster victims from the effects of the disaster. Activities include providing temporary shelter, food, medical care, clothing, and other essential life support needs to the people who have been displaced because of a disaster or threatened disaster.
Mitigation seeks to fix the cycle of disaster damage, reconstruction, and repeated damage. These activities or actions, in most cases, will have a long-term sustained effect. Examples: Structural changes to buildings, elevating utilities, bracing and locking chemical cabinets, properly mounting lighting fixtures, ceiling systems, cutting vegetation to reduce wildland fires, etc.
Modular Classrooms: Classrooms providing additional space for learning that are often lightweight and susceptible to wind and other natural hazards.
Modular Organization: A top-down Incident Command System ICS organizational structure based on the size and complexity of the incident, as well as the specifics of the hazard environment created by the incident.
Multiagency Coordination MAC Group: A group of administrators or executives, or their appointed representatives, who are typically authorized to commit agency resources and funds. A Multiagency Coordination MAC Group can provide coordinated decisionmaking and resource allocation among cooperating agencies, and may establish the priorities among incidents, harmonize agency policies, and provide strategic guidance and direction to support incident management activities.
MAC Groups may also be known as policy groups, multiagency committees, emergency management committees, or as otherwise defined by the Multiagency Coordination System. Multiagency Coordination System MACS : A system that provides the architecture to support coordination for incident prioritization, critical resource allocation, communications systems integration, and information coordination.
Multiagency Coordination Systems assist agencies and organizations responding to an incident. The elements of a MACS include facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications.
Multijurisdictional Incident: An incident requiring action from multiple agencies that each have jurisdiction to manage certain aspects of an incident. National: Of a nationwide character, including the Federal, State, tribal, and local aspects of governance and policy. National Incident Management System NIMS : A set of principles that provides a systematic, proactive approach guiding government agencies at all levels, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector to work seamlessly to prevent, protect against, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of incidents, regardless of cause, size, location, or complexity, in order to reduce the loss of life or property and harm to the environment.
National Preparedness Guidelines NPG : A document outlining the top priorities intended to synchronize pre-disaster planning, prevention, and mitigation activities throughout the Nation, and to guide Federal, State, and local spending on equipment, training, planning, and exercises. The Guidelines provide an overarching vision, tools, and priorities to shape national preparedness.
National Response Framework NRF : A guide establishing a comprehensive, national, all-hazards approach to domestic incident response. It intends to capture specific authorities and best practices for managing incidents ranging from the serious but purely local, to large-scale terrorist attacks or catastrophic natural disasters.
Often natural hazards occur repeatedly in the same geographical locations. Neighborhood Hazard: Natural, technological, or human-caused hazards occurring in neighborhoods immediately surrounding the school.
Nongovernmental Organization NGO : An entity with an association that is based on interests of its members, individuals, or institutions. It is not created by a government, but it may work cooperatively with government. Such organizations serve a public purpose, not a private benefit. Examples of nongovernmental organizations include faith-based charity organizations and the American Red Cross.
NGOs, including voluntary and faith-based groups, provide relief services to sustain life, reduce physical and emotional distress, and promote the recovery of disaster victims. Often these groups provide specialized services that help individuals with disabilities. NGOs and voluntary organizations play a major role in assisting emergency managers before, during, and after an emergency.
Nonstructural: Any portion of the building not connected to the main structure including file cabinets and furnishings. Off-Campus Events: Events such as field trips, athletic games, and overnight excursions occurring off the school campus. Operations-Based Exercises: Operations-based exercises are characterized by actual response, mobilization of apparatus and resources, and commitment of personnel, usually held over an extended period of time.
Operations-based exercises can be used to validate plans, policies, agreements, and procedures and include drills , functional exercises, and full-scale exercises. They can clarify roles and responsibilities, identify gaps in resources needed to implement plans and procedures, and improve individual and team performance.
Operations Section Chief: A member of the General Staff who establishes the tactics to meet the incident objectives and directs all operational resources. Organization and Assignment of Responsibilities: A component of the basic plan that lists tasks staff will perform in the event of incident by position and organization. Parent-Student Reunification: A common procedure implemented after an incident or emergency.
Parent-student reunification may be needed if the school is evacuated or closed as a result of a hazardous materials incident, fire, school violence, or other hazard. Related word: Relocation. Physical Recovery: A component of the Continuity of Operations COOP annex outlining possible relocation areas for classrooms and administrative operations as well as plans to restore transportation and food services; classroom equipment, books, and materials; and school buildings and grounds after an incident.
Plan Development: The process of generating and comparing possible solutions for achieving goals and objectives, determining response and recovery capabilities, and identifying resource gaps.
Plan Development and Maintenance: A component of the basic plan that outlines responsibilities for updating and maintaining the school emergency operations plan EOP. This section includes a schedule for testing, reviewing, and updating the EOP.
Planning Section: The Incident Command System Section responsible for the collection, evaluation, and dissemination of operational information related to the incident, and for the preparation and documentation of the Incident Action Plan. This Section also maintains information on the current and forecasted situation and on the status of resources assigned to the incident.
Planning Team: A group of individuals with a variety of expertise and perspectives planning for all hazards. Preparedness: A continuous cycle of planning, organizing, training, equipping, exercising, evaluating, and taking corrective action in an effort to ensure effective coordination during incident response. Within the National Incident Management System NIMS , preparedness focuses on the following elements: planning, procedures and protocols, training and exercises, personnel qualification and certification, and equipment certification.
Examples: Conducting drills, preparing homework packages to allow continuity of learning if school closures are necessary, etc. Prevention: Actions to avoid an incident or to intervene to stop an incident from occurring.
Prevention involves actions to protect lives and property. Examples include: Cyberbullying prevention, pandemic influenza sanitation measures, building access control procedures, security systems and cameras, etc.
Procedure: A series of standard actions or operations that specify what school personnel should do in responding to and recovering from an incident. Psychological Healing: A functional annex describing how schools will address medical and psychological issues resulting from traumatic incidents.
Public Information: Processes, procedures, and systems for communicating timely, accurate, and accessible information on an incident's cause, size, and current situation; resources committed; and other matters of general interest to the public, responders, and additional stakeholders both directly affected and indirectly affected. Public Information Officer PIO : A member of the Command Staff who serves as the conduit for information to internal and external stakeholders, including the media or other organizations seeking information directly from the incident or event.
Radiological Release: An incident where a release of radiological substance, or the likelihood of such a release, threatens the safety of the school community. Record of Changes: A document detailing and tracking each update or change to the plan to enhance accountability and transparency.
The document is usually in table format, and contains at a minimum a change number, the date of the change, and the name of the person who made the change. The document is usually in table format and indicates the title and name of the person receiving the plan, the agency to which the receiver belongs, the date of delivery, and the number of copies delivered. Recovery: Encompasses both short-term and long-term efforts for the rebuilding and revitalization of affected communities.
Examples: Short-term recovery focuses on crisis counseling and restoration of lifelines such as water and electric supply, and critical facilities. Long-term recovery includes more permanent rebuilding. Relocation: A common procedure implemented when the school building or environment surrounding is no longer safe. Related word: Parent-Student Reunification. We also continue to evaluate the local and national situation and will provide regular updates.
Students will be notified in advance concerning the status of their on-campus course offering. We thank you for your understanding, and we invite you to visit our extensive catalog of Independent Study Courses as well as classroom courses available by virtual delivery.
This course describes the history, features and principles, and organizational structure of the Incident Command System. Multiagency Coordination MAC Group: A group of administrators or executives, or their appointed representatives, who are typically authorized to commit agency resources and funds. A MAC Group can provide coordinated decisionmaking and resource allocation among cooperating agencies, and may establish the priorities among incidents, harmonize agency policies, and provide strategic guidance and direction to support incident management activities.
MAC Groups may also be known as multiagency committees, emergency management committees, or as otherwise defined by the Multiagency Coordination System. Multiagency Coordination System MACS : A system that provides the architecture to support coordination for incident prioritization, critical resource allocation, communications systems integration, and information coordination.
MACS assist agencies and organizations responding to an incident. The elements of a MACS include facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications.
Multijurisdictional Incident: An incident requiring action from multiple agencies that each have jurisdiction to manage certain aspects of an incident. National: Of a nationwide character, including the Federal, State, tribal, and local aspects of governance and policy.
National Essential Functions: A subset of Government functions that are necessary to lead and sustain the Nation during a catastrophic emergency and that, therefore, must be supported through continuity of operations and continuity of Government capabilities. National Response Framework: A guide to how the Nation conducts all-hazards response. Nongovernmental Organization NGO : An entity with an association that is based on interests of its members, individuals, or institutions.
It is not created by a Government, but it may work cooperatively with Government. Such organizations serve a public purpose, not a private benefit. NGOs, including voluntary and faith-based groups, provide relief services to sustain life, reduce physical and emotional distress, and promote the recovery of disaster victims. Often these groups provide specialized services that help individuals with disabilities.
NGOs and voluntary organizations play a major role in assisting emergency managers before, during, and after an emergency. Operational Period: The time scheduled for executing a given set of operation actions, as specified in the Incident Action Plan. Operational periods can be of various lengths, although usually they last 12 to 24 hours.
Organization: Any association or group of persons with like objectives. Examples include, but are not limited to, Governmental departments and agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector. Personnel Accountability: The ability to account for the location and welfare of incident personnel.
It is accomplished when supervisors ensure that Incident Command System principles and processes are functional and that personnel are working within established incident management guidelines.
Plain Language: Communication that can be understood by the intended audience and meets the purpose of the communicator. For the purpose of the Generic Document Name, plain language is designed to eliminate or limit the use of codes and acronyms, as appropriate, during incident response involving more than a single agency.
Planned Event: A scheduled nonemergency activity e. Planning Meeting: A meeting held as needed before and throughout the duration of an incident to select specific strategies and tactics for incident control operations and for service and support planning. For larger incidents, the Planning Meeting is a major element in the development of the Incident Action Plan. Planning Section: The Incident Command System Section responsible for the collection, evaluation, and dissemination of operational information related to the incident, and for the preparation and documentation of the Incident Action Plan.
This Section also maintains information on the current and forecasted situation and on the status of resources assigned to the incident. Portability: An approach that facilitates the interaction of systems that are normally distinct. Portability includes the standardized assignment of radio channels across jurisdictions, which allows responders to participate in an incident outside their jurisdiction and still use familiar equipment.
Pre-Positioned Resource: A resource moved to an area near the expected incident site in response to anticipated resource needs. Preparedness: A continuous cycle of planning, organizing, training, equipping, exercising, evaluating, and taking corrective action in an effort to ensure effective coordination during incident response. Within the Generic Document Name, preparedness focuses on the following elements: planning; procedures and protocols; training and exercises; personnel qualification and certification; and equipment certification.
Preparedness Organization: An organization that provides coordination for emergency management and incident response activities before a potential incident. These organizations range from groups of individuals to small committees to large standing organizations that represent a wide variety of committees, planning groups, and other organizations e.
Prevention: Actions to avoid an incident or to intervene to stop an incident from occurring. Prevention involves actions to protect lives and property. It involves applying intelligence and other information to a range of activities that may include such countermeasures as deterrence operations; heightened inspections; improved surveillance and security operations; investigations to determine the full nature and source of the threat; public health and agricultural surveillance and testing processes; immunizations, isolation, or quarantine; and, as appropriate, specific law enforcement operations aimed at deterring, preempting, interdicting, or disrupting illegal activity and apprehending potential perpetrators and bringing them to justice.
Primary Mission Essential Functions: Government functions that must be performed in order to support or implement the performance of National Essential Functions before, during, and in the aftermath of an emergency. Private Sector: Organizations and individuals that are not part of any Governmental structure.
The private sector includes for-profit and not-for-profit organizations, formal and informal structures, commerce, and industry.
Protocol: A set of established guidelines for actions which may be designated by individuals, teams, functions, or capabilities under various specified conditions. Public Information: Processes, procedures, and systems for communicating timely, accurate, and accessible information on an incident's cause, size, and current situation; resources committed; and other matters of general interest to the public, responders, and additional stakeholders both directly affected and indirectly affected.
Publications Management: Subsystem that manages the development, publication control, publication supply, and distribution of Generic Document Name materials. Recovery: The development, coordination, and execution of service- and site-restoration plans; the reconstitution of Government operations and services; individual, private-sector, nongovernmental, and public assistance programs to provide housing and to promote restoration; long-term care and treatment of affected persons; additional measures for social, political, environmental, and economic restoration; evaluation of the incident to identify lessons learned; postincident reporting; and development of initiatives to mitigate the effects of future incidents.
Reimbursement: A mechanism to recoup funds expended for incident-specific activities. Resource Management: A system for identifying available resources at all jurisdictional levels to enable timely, efficient, and unimpeded access to resources needed to prepare for, respond to, or recover from an incident. Resource management under the Generic Document Name includes mutual aid agreements and assistance agreements; the use of special Federal, State, tribal, and local teams; and resource mobilization protocols.
Resources: Personnel and major items of equipment, supplies, and facilities available or potentially available for assignment to incident operations and for which status is maintained.
Resources are described by kind and type and may be used in operational support or supervisory capacities at an incident or at an Emergency Operations Center. Response: Activities that address the short-term, direct effects of an incident. Response includes immediate actions to save lives, protect property, and meet basic human needs.
Response also includes the execution of emergency operations plans and of mitigation activities designed to limit the loss of life, personal injury, property damage, and other unfavorable outcomes. As indicated by the situation, response activities include applying intelligence and other information to lessen the effects or consequences of an incident; increased security operations; continuing investigations into nature and source of the threat; ongoing public health and agricultural surveillance and testing processes; immunizations, isolation, or quarantine; and specific law enforcement operations aimed at preempting, interdicting, or disrupting illegal activity, and apprehending actual perpetrators and bringing them to justice.
Safety Officer: A member of the Command Staff responsible for monitoring incident operations and advising the Incident Commander on all matters relating to operational safety, including the health and safety of emergency responder personnel.
Section: The Incident Command System organizational level having responsibility for a major functional area of incident management e. The Section is organizationally situated between the Branch and the Incident Command. Situation Report: Confirmed or verified information regarding the specific details relating to an incident. Span of Control: The number of resources for which a supervisor is responsible, usually expressed as the ratio of supervisors to individuals. Under the Generic Document Name, an appropriate span of control is between and , with optimal being , or between and for many large-scale law enforcement operations.
Special Needs Population: A population whose members may have additional needs before, during, and after an incident in functional areas, including but not limited to: maintaining independence, communication, transportation, supervision, and medical care. Individuals in need of additional response assistance may include those who have disabilities; who live in institutionalized settings; who are elderly; who are children; who are from diverse cultures, who have limited English proficiency, or who are non-English-speaking; or who are transportation disadvantaged.
Staging Area: Temporary location for available resources. A Staging Area can be any location in which personnel, supplies, and equipment can be temporarily housed or parked while awaiting operational assignment.
Standard Operating Guidelines: A set of instructions having the force of a directive, covering those features of operations which lend themselves to a definite or standardized procedure without loss of effectiveness.
Standard Operating Procedure: A complete reference document or an operations manual that provides the purpose, authorities, duration, and details for the preferred method of performing a single function or a number of interrelated functions in a uniform manner. Status Report: Information specifically related to the status of resources e. Strategy: The general plan or direction selected to accomplish incident objectives.
Strike Team: A set number of resources of the same kind and type that have an established minimum number of personnel, common communications, and a leader. See Assisting Agency. Supporting Technology: Any technology that may be used to support the Generic Document Name, such as orthophoto mapping, remote automatic weather stations, infrared technology, or communications.
System: Any combination of facilities, equipment, personnel, processes, procedures, and communications integrated for a specific purpose. Tactics: The deployment and directing of resources on an incident to accomplish the objectives designated by strategy.
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