Every type of vocabulary has a different aim and purpose. However, the development of one type of vocabulary facilitates another. The types of vocabulary are discussed below briefly. Listening vocabulary comprises words that we understand through hearing. A fetus may start recognizing some words when in the womb. Learning new words is a continuous process, and by the time you reach adulthood, almost fifty thousand words are understood and recognized by you.
Deaf people can be exposed to visual listening vocabulary for learning. Speaking vocabulary consists of words that we actually speak. It has a horizon of around to words. These are used for giving instructions and conversations. The number of words in this category are comparatively lesser than the listening vocabulary.
The major ingredient of vocabulary building is reading. Reading grows and develops your vocabulary. The words we get to learn while reading a text are termed as reading vocabulary.
Words we recoup while expressing ourselves through writing are termed as writing vocabulary. Writing vocabulary is normally influenced by the words we are able to spell. We find it easy to express verbally, through facial expression, or intonation, but writing vocabulary depends upon our expertise in vocabulary. It is a collection, set, or group of words that every person applies for justifying their actions, beliefs, and lives.
This level of understanding is aided by word context, intonation and, if there is visual contact with the speaker, by gestures and facial expressions.
Listening is, like reading, an interpretational form of vocabulary. Writing is the active vocabulary equivalent to reading. With reading, it forms the core skills needed for someone to be literate. The writer demonstrates his or her knowledge of a word in terms of its meaning and how to spell it and use it correctly.
It is an active demonstration that can also rely on other elements such as facial expressions, intonation, pitch and gestures to help others understand its meaning. Knowledge of a word is demonstrated by its good usage and pronunciation. Mark Wollacott. Vocabulary plays an important role in oral language development and early literacy Hill, Paris identifies vocabulary as one of the unconstrained skills, meaning that it is a skill that we continue to develop over our life span.
This knowledge can be transferred to English by using translation as a learning process. Translation alone is not a sufficient strategy to help students learn how to use new vocabulary.
Students require ongoing support to infer the meaning of words using contextual clues, and to break words into morphemes and understand how each part relates to the meaning of the word. During the translation process, students may notice gaps in their vocabulary, and become aware of the differences of meaning between words and grammatical structures in different languages. Students who speak English as a first language may be able to use these strategies with the vocabulary that they are learning in school.
Otherwise, the teacher can ask students to identify and explain any differences between their languages and English.
Reading and viewing Level A1. Level A2. Writing Level A1. Speaking and listening Level BL. Reading and viewing Level BL. Writing Level BL. Level B3. Words are categorised into grammatical forms or word classes including the commonly known nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, as well as determiners, prepositions, conjunctions.
Different word classes have different functions in terms of their grammar including morphology, and syntax. Students need to develop understandings of different types of words, as part of their metalinguistic awareness knowing how language and literacy works, and the words that describe these phenomena.
When introducing vocabulary it is crucial for students to know the type or class of word it is. If ever students are unsure, they can be encouraged to check a paper or online dictionary, which will always provide the word class in the listing. Below is a table which summarises each word class or form , including their function, examples, and any inflectional or derivational morphemes that attach to these. When using personal dictionaries where new vocabulary is added progressively as students learn new words , students should be encouraged to record the word type in their entries.
Adding an example sentence can also be useful. These strategies help develop students' independence in their understanding and use of new vocabulary. Morphology is the study of words and their parts. Morphemes like prefixes, suffixes, and base words are defined as the smallest meaningful units of meaning. Morphemes are important for vocabulary, as well as phonics reading and spelling and comprehension.
For more information, see: Word morphology.
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